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Since 1936, the Incoterms® trademark has covered a series of rules that ensure clarity and quality in the drafting of contracts between the different operators involved in national and international transactions.  The last edition of Incoterms® rules came into force on 1st January 2011. Resulting from the work by a group of specialists put together on the initiative of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), Incoterms® rules have become a global standard of referral for their clarity and functionality. In fact they identify unequivocally all possible operators and passages for transactions (sender, customs, harbour or airport, frontier, mean of transportation, infrastructures, addressee), and identify punctually  the costs allocated on each operator of the value chain. The six editions  of Incoterms® rules published so far have gradually acknowledged the transformation of the market and the needs of operators at an international level, thanks to the contribution of commercial law experts and consultants of the International Chamber of Commerce.  Being aware of the importance of Incoterms® rules, the ICC has authorized their translation in 31 languages by its national offices, and offers a 6 hour on-line course aimed at their knowledge and correct application.   To find out more: http://www.iccwbo.org/products-and-services/trade-facilitation/incoterms-2010/incoterms-online-training/